For years, Germany’s political landscape has marginalized far-right parties, notably the Alternative für Deutschland (AfD). However, the recent federal election on February 24, 2025, has brought significant changes, with the AfD securing 20% of the vote, its best performance to date. This surge has ignited discussions about the potential shift in Germany’s political dynamics.
What Happened?
In the latest federal election, the center-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU), led by Friedrich Merz, emerged victorious with just under 29% of the vote. The center-left Social Democrats (SPD) experienced a decline, obtaining 16.4%. Notably, the far-right AfD doubled its previous support, achieving 20% of the vote. Despite this significant gain, Merz has ruled out forming a coalition with the AfD, opting instead to seek an alliance with the SPD.
Why It’s Important
The AfD’s electoral success indicates a substantial shift in voter sentiment, reflecting deep divisions within the nation along lines of age, geography, wealth, and gender. The party’s rise, especially in eastern states and among younger voters, suggests a growing appeal of far-right ideologies. This development could influence Germany’s policies on immigration, economic strategies, and its stance within the European Union. Moreover, the mainstream parties’ need to address the AfD’s growing influence may lead to significant changes in Germany’s political discourse and policy-making.
What Experts Say
Friedrich Merz has emphasized the urgency of addressing Europe’s defense capabilities, especially in light of potential shifts in U.S. foreign policy. He stated, “It’s ‘five to midnight’ for Europe,” highlighting the need for the continent to prepare for more challenging global dynamics. Merz also acknowledged the AfD’s rise, urging mainstream politics to provide effective leadership to counteract the far-right’s growing popularity.
What’s Next?
Merz faces the immediate challenge of forming a stable governing coalition, likely with the SPD, to address pressing issues such as immigration policy, economic downturns, and security concerns amidst Russian expansionism. The CDU’s commitment to excluding the AfD from coalition talks maintains the traditional political isolation of the far-right. However, the AfD’s growing support may pressure mainstream parties to reconsider their strategies and address the underlying issues driving voters toward far-right alternatives.
Conclusion
Germany’s recent election results signify a notable shift in its political landscape, with the far-right AfD gaining unprecedented support. While mainstream parties continue to exclude the AfD from governance, the growing appeal of far-right ideologies presents challenges that Germany’s political establishment must address to maintain stability and unity.
